Ground-level Ozone is a colorless, reactive gas that forms through atmospheric chemical reactions between nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the presence of sunlight. NOx and VOCs are typically emitted from sources such as vehicles, industrial facilities, and electric utilities. Exposure to ozone can cause breathing problems for children, people with asthma or other respiratory conditions, and adults working or exercising outdoors.

High ozone concentrations generally occur on hot, sunny days in the spring and summer – check your daily Ozone Forecast between April 1st – September 30th. 

Particulate Matter (PM) consists of tiny solid particles and liquid droplets in the air from vehicle emissions, industrial facilities, wood burning, and dust. The smallest particles—PM2.5—pose the greatest health risk, as particles can penetrate deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream, causing serious respiratory and cardiovascular problems.

The Saharan Air Layer has unique properties of warmth, dry air, and strong winds that can have significant moderating impacts on tropical cyclone formation and intensification.